Amreet Kaur,Yuxi Guan.[J].Chin J Traumatol,2018,21(6):366-368. 10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.006
Phantom limb pain: A literature review
  
DOI:10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.006
KeyWord: Phantom limb painNeurologic mechanismsTherapeuticsAmputationLower extremity
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Amreet Kaur California School of Podiatric Medicine, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA 94601, USA 
Yuxi Guan California School of Podiatric Medicine, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA 94602, USA 
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Abstract:
      Since the phantom limb sensation was first described by the French military surgeon Ambroise Pare in the 16th century, the number of studies surrounding phantom limb pain has increased every year. Especially in recent decades, scientists have achieved a better understanding of the mechanism and treatment of phantom limb pain. Although many hypotheses have been agreed and many treatments have been proven effective, scientists still do not have a very systematic understanding of the phantom limbs. The purpose of this review article is to summarize recent researches focusing on phantom limb in order to discuss its definition, mechanisms, and treatments.
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